पेरू

Republic of Peru

*República del Perú* (Spanish)

Co-official names^{[lower-alpha १]}

Quechua: *Piruw Republika*
Aymara: *Piruw Suyu*
Quechua:	Piruw Republika
Quechua:	Piruw Republika
Aymara:	Piruw Suyu
	झण्डा निशाना छाप
	आदर्श वाक्य: ; "Firme y feliz por la unión" (Spanish); "Firm and Happy for the Union"
	राष्ट्रिय गान: ; "Himno Nacional del Perú" (Spanish); "National Anthem of Peru"; ढाँचा:Vunblist
	National seal; Gran Sello del Estado (Spanish); Great Seal of the State
राजधानी; र सबैभन्दा ठूलो सहर	Lima; 12°2.6′S 77°1.7′W / 12.0433°S 77.0283°W
सबैभन्दा ठूलो शहर	capital
Official language	Spanish
Co-official languages	Quechua; Aymara; Other indigenous languages;
जातिगत समूहअन (2017)	List of ethnic groups ढाँचा:Percent Mestizo; ढाँचा:Percent Amerindian; —ढाँचा:Percent Andean; ——ढाँचा:Percent Quechua; ——ढाँचा:Percent Aymara; ——ढाँचा:Percent Other; —ढाँचा:Percent Amazonian; ——ढाँचा:Percent Asháninka; ——ढाँचा:Percent Aguaruna; ——ढाँचा:Percent Shipibo; ——ढाँचा:Percent Chayahuita; ——ढाँचा:Percent Other; ढाँचा:Percent White; ढाँचा:Percent Black; ढाँचा:Percent Asian; —ढाँचा:Percent Nikkei; —ढाँचा:Percent Tusan; ढाँचा:Percent Other; ढाँचा:Percent No answer; ;
धर्म (2017)	List of religions ढाँचा:Percent Roman Catholic; ढाँचा:Percent Protestant; —ढाँचा:Percent Evangelical; —ढाँचा:Percent Non-denominational Christian; —ढाँचा:Percent Adventist; —ढाँचा:Percent Jehovah's Witness; —ढाँचा:Percent Mormon; ढाँचा:Percent Non-religious; ढाँचा:Percent Others; ;
रैथाने(एन)	Peruvian
सरकार	Unitary presidential republic
• President	Martín Vizcarra
• Vice President	Vacant
• Prime Minister	Vicente Zeballos
व्यवस्थापिका	Congress of the Republic
Independence from the Kingdom of Spain
• Declared	28 July 1821
• Consolidated	9 December 1824
• Recognized	14 August 1879
क्षेत्रफल
• जम्मा	1,285,216 km2 (496,225 sq mi) (19th)
• पानि (%)	0.41
जनसङ्ख्या
• 2020 लगत	32,824,358 (42nd)
• 2017 जनगणना	31,237,385
• घनत्व	23/km2 (59.6/sq mi) (198th)
कुल ग्राहस्थ उत्पादन (क्रय शक्ति समता)	2020 लगत
• जम्मा	$505.450 billion (36th)
• प्रति व्यक्ति	$15,399 (85th)
कुल ग्राहस्थ उत्पादन (साङ्केतिक)	2020 लगत
• जम्मा	$240.175 billion (41st)
• प्रति व्यक्ति	$7,317 (80th)
गिनी (2017)	43.3; मध्यम
मानव विकास सूचकाङ्क (2018)	0.763; उच्च · 82th
मुद्रा	Sol (PEN)
समय क्षेत्र	अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय प्रमाणिक समय−5 (PET)
मिति ढाँचा	dd.mm.yyyy (CE)
सडक प्रयोग	right
टेलिफोन कोड	+51
आइएसओ ३१६६ सङ्केत	PE
इन्टरनेट डोमेन	.pe

पेरू दक्षिण अमेरिका मि रयाको एक देश हो।

सन्दर्भ

↑ Shugart, Matthew Søberg (September 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2017.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
↑ Shugart, Matthew Søberg (December 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns". French Politics. 3 (3): 323–351. doi:10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087. ISSN 1476-3427. OCLC 6895745903. Only in Latin America have all new democracies retained a pure presidential form, except for Peru (president-parliamentary) and Bolivia (assembly-independent).CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
↑ Kurmanaev, Anatoly; Andrea Zarate, Andrea (30 September 2019). "Peru's President Dissolves Congress, and Lawmakers Suspend Him". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
↑ Constitutionally dissolved until a new election in 26 January 2020.^[३]
↑ "Perú: Estimaciones y Proyecciones de Población Total, por Años Calendario y Edades Simples, 1950–2050" [Peru: Estimates and Projections of Total Population, by Calendar Years and Simple Ages, 1950-2050] (PDF) (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics and Informatics. September 2009.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
1 2 3 4 "Peru". International Monetary Fund.
↑ "Gini Index". World Bank. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
↑ "2019 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2019.

1 2
In Peru, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages. In each of these, Peru's official name (ढाँचा:Lang-es, pronounced: ढाँचा:IPA-es) is as follows:
- ढाँचा:Lang-qu
- ढाँचा:Lang-ay
↑ The 2017 National Census included, for the first time, a question of ethnic self-identification that was addressed to people aged 12 and over considering elements such as their ancestry, their customs and their family origin in order to visualize and better understand the cultural reality of the country.
↑ The question about religion included in the 2017 National Census was addressed to people aged 12 and over.

उद्दरण त्रुटी: <ref> tags exist for a group named "lower-alpha", but no corresponding <references group="lower-alpha"/> tag was found

[Draft-4] Shugart, Matthew Søberg (September 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2008. Retrieved 31 August 2017.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

[Dual-5] Shugart, Matthew Søberg (December 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns". French Politics. 3 (3): 323–351. doi:10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087. ISSN 1476-3427. OCLC 6895745903. Only in Latin America have all new democracies retained a pure presidential form, except for Peru (president-parliamentary) and Bolivia (assembly-independent).CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

[6] Kurmanaev, Anatoly; Andrea Zarate, Andrea (30 September 2019). "Peru's President Dissolves Congress, and Lawmakers Suspend Him". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 October 2019.

[d-7] Constitutionally dissolved until a new election in 26 January 2020.^[३]

[8] "Perú: Estimaciones y Proyecciones de Población Total, por Años Calendario y Edades Simples, 1950–2050" [Peru: Estimates and Projections of Total Population, by Calendar Years and Simple Ages, 1950-2050] (PDF) (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics and Informatics. September 2009.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[imf2-9] 1 2 3 4 "Peru". International Monetary Fund.

[10] "Gini Index". World Bank. Retrieved 6 April 2019.

[11] "2019 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2019.

[a-1] 1 2 In Peru, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages. In each of these, Peru's official name (ढाँचा:Lang-es, pronounced: ढाँचा:IPA-es) is as follows:
ढाँचा:Lang-qu

ढाँचा:Lang-ay

[mwsg] ढाँचा:Lang-qu

[mwtA] ढाँचा:Lang-ay

[b-2] The 2017 National Census included, for the first time, a question of ethnic self-identification that was addressed to people aged 12 and over considering elements such as their ancestry, their customs and their family origin in order to visualize and better understand the cultural reality of the country.

[c-3] The question about religion included in the 2017 National Census was addressed to people aged 12 and over.

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